A Canadian researcher has launched a study to test whether virtual reality can relieve anxiety and pain in palliative care.
Neuropsychologist Jhon Alexander Moreno, a professor in Université de Montréal’s Department of Psychology and a researcher at the Montreal University Institute of Geriatrics Research Centre, decided to take up the challenge.
Professor Moreno is preparing to test the use of virtual reality headsets on patients in the palliative care unit of Hôpital Notre-Dame. Participants will be immersed in videos filmed with a 360-degree camera and transported on a completely realistic – but virtual – visual and auditory journey. Their levels of pain and anxiety will be measured before and after the experience.
To create this innovative new tool, Moreno teamed up with Guillermo Lopez Pérez, a filmmaker and the founder of Nipper Media, a Montreal company specialising in creating virtual reality content. Lopez Pérez filmed the images used in the virtual experiences and then combined them with music, voices and details of the places presented.
Professor Moreno’s idea to use this non-pharmacological approach came from a desire to help ease the suffering of people at the end of life.
“The end-of-life experience is probably the most emotionally demanding of all experiences,” he says.
“Individuals can experience considerable suffering due to not only physical pain, but also great existential anguish or anticipatory anxiety about death.”
He points out that palliative care typically relies on a combination of approaches to relieve physical, psychological, spiritual, existential and social discomfort. In his view, non-pharmacological approaches offer numerous advantages.
“Drugs can cause confusion and interfere with the individual’s ability to communicate their wishes and reflect on what’s happening to them,” explained Professor Moreno.
“We find that using a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches allows patients to interact more with loved ones and caregivers, which can have a big impact on shaping their end-of-life experience.”
Professor Moreno also pointed out that those in palliative care have often been hospitalized previously and so have already spent a long time in bed. He sees virtual travel as a way for them to escape, stop thinking about their situation and have fun. It gives them “something to look at other than the ceiling of their room.”
An experience for loved ones too
Professor Moreno also suspects that virtual reality can benefit loved ones who are accompanying someone dear to them at the end of life. He’s going to test this by having them also put on a headset and share in the virtual experience. Again, he will measure their anxiety before and after the intervention.
“Facing death can be just as difficult for loved ones. The emotions can be extreme and overwhelming,” said Professor Moreno.
“I believe that virtual reality can help make the whole experience less arduous and traumatic for them.”
He says he is confident that virtual reality can soothe those about to lose a person dear to them, and even possibly help with acceptance and preparation for bereavement.
